Organic chemistry is the chemistry of the compounds of carbon.
The misleading name ‘organic’ is a relic of the days when chemical compounds were divided into two classes, inorganic and organic, depending upon where they ad come from. Inorganic compounds were those obtained from minerals; organic compounds were those obtained from vegetable or animal sources, that is, from material produced by living organisms. Indeed until about 1850 many chemists believed that organic compounds must have origin in living organisms, and consequently could never be synthesized from inorganic materials.
These compounds from organic sources had this in common: they all contained the element carbon. Even after it has become clear that these compounds did not have to come from living sources but could be made in the laboratory, it was convenient to keep the name organic to describe them and compounds like them. The division between inorganic and organic compounds has been retained to this day.
Today, although many compounds of carbon are still most conveniently isolated from plants and animals sources, most of them are synthesized. They are sometimes synthesized from inorganic substances like carbonates like cyanides, but more often from organic compounds. There are two large reservoirs of organic materials from which simple organic compounds are obtained: petroleum and coal. (Both of these are ‘organic’ in the old sense, being product of the decay of plants and animal). These simple compounds are used as building blocks from which larger and more complicated compounds can be made.
Petroleum and coal are recognize as fossil fuels, laid down over millennia and non-renewable. They—particularly—petroleum are being consumed at an alarming rate to meet our constantly increasing demands for power. Today, less than ten percent of petroleum used goes to making of chemicals; most of it is burnt simply to supply energy. There are, fortunately, alternative sources of power – solar, geothermal,, wind tides, nuclear energy,-- but where are we to find an alternate reservoir of organic raw material? Eventually, of course, we shall have to go to a place where the fossil fuels originally came from – the biomass – but this time directly, without the intervening millennia. The biomass is renewable and, used properly, can last as long on this planet as we can. In the meantime, it has been suggested, petroleum is too valuable to burn.
What is so special about the compounds of carbon that they should be separated from compounds of all the other hundred-odd elements of the periodic table? In fact, at least, the answer seams to be this: there are so very many compounds of carbon, and their molecules could be so large and complex.
The number of compounds that contain carbon is so many times grater than the number of compounds that do not contain carbon. These organic compounds have been divided into families, which generally have no counterparts among inorganic compounds.
Organic molecules containing thousands of atoms are known, and the arrangement of atoms in even small molecules can be very complicated. One of the major problems in organic chemistry is to find how the atoms are arranged in molecules, that is, to determine the structure of compounds.
There are many ways in which these complicated molecules can brake apart, or rearrange themselves, to form new molecules; there are many ways in which atoms can be added to these molecules, or new atoms are substituted for old ones. Much of organic chemistry is devoted to finding out what theses reaction are, how they take place, and how they can be used to synthesis compounds we want.
What is so special about carbon that it should form so many compounds? The answer to this question came to August Kekule in 1854 during a London bus ride.
Carbon atoms can attach themselves to one another to an extent not possible for atoms of any other element. Carbon atoms can form chains thousands of atoms long, or ring of all sizes; the chain and the rings can have branches and cross links. To the carbon atoms of these chains and rings there are attached to other atoms, chiefly hydrogen, but also fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur, phosphorus and many others.
Each different arrangement of atoms corresponds to a different compounds, and each compound has its own characteristic set of chemical and physical properties. It is not surprising that more than ten million compounds of carbon are known today and that this number is growing by half a million a year. It is not surprising that the study of their chemistry is a special field.
Organic chemistry is a field of immense importance to technology: it is the chemistry of dyes and drugs, paper and ink, paints and plastics, gasoline and rubber tire; it is the chemistry of the food we eat and the clothes we wear.
Organic chemistry is fundamental to biology and medicine. Aside from water, living organisms are made up of chiefly of organic compounds; the molecules of ‘molecular biology’ are organic molecules. Biology, on the molecular level, is organic chemistry.
It is not farfetched to say that we are living in the Age of Carbon. Every day the newspapers bring to our attention compounds of carbon: cholesterol and polyunsaturated fats, growth hormones and steroid, insecticides and pheromones, carcinogens and chemotherapeutic agents, DNA and genes. Wars are fought over petroleum. Twin catastrophes threaten us, both arising from the accumulation in the atmosphere of compounds of carbon: depletion of the ozone layer, due chiefly to the chlorofluorocarbons; and the greenhouse effect, due to methane, chlorofluorocarbons, and most of all,, carbon dioxide. It is perhaps symbolic that for 1990 the journal Science selected as the molecule of the year diamond, one of the allotropic forms of carbon. And a runner-up was another, newly discovered allotrope of carbon, C60 buckminsterfullerene – which has generated excitement in the chemical world not seen, it has been said, “since the days of Kekule”.
Posted by Cletus at 7:29 PM 0 comments Links to this post
Thursday, June 18, 2009
Saturday, June 6, 2009
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Thursday, June 4, 2009
Wednesday, June 3, 2009
Friday, May 29, 2009
How to prepare Detergent
DETERGENT
1. APPARATUS
(a) Reaction tank
(b) Hydrometer
(c) Grinding machine
(d) Mixer
(e) Dying machine
(f) Containers
(g) Store room
(h) Scale
2. CHEMICALS
i. P.K oil
ii. Caustic soda – Base chemical
iii. Soda ash – increases the quantity of our detergent
iv. Sodium sulphate – increases the quantity and acts as the foaming agent
v. Kaoline – Acts as the foaming agent
vi. sulfonoic acid – It is a foaming agent
vii. Perfume
viii. Ammonia solution – turns solution to powdery form
ix. Hydrogen peroxide – Bleaching agent
x. Colourant
3. REACTION PROCESS
(a) Caustic soda
One cup caustic soda plus three cups of water i.e. 1 cup of caustic soda + 3 cups of water for at least 48 hours. The hydrometer should be at 1200
4. FORMATION
i. P.K oil - - - - - 12
ii. Caustic soda - - - - 7
iii. Soda ash + Kaoline + sodium sulphate - 4
iv. Sulphonic acid - - - - 2/3
v. Ammonia Solution - - - - 1/3
vi. Hydrogen peroxide - - - 1/8
vii. Perfume - - - - - to taste
viii. Colourant - - - - - to taste
5. FORMULA
Oil + colourant + Caustic soda + ( Soda ash + Sodium sulphate + Kaoline) + Sulphonic acid + Ammonia solution + Hydrogen peroxide + perfume
6. METHOD
Steps
i. Put on your heating system
ii. Put your biler on the heating system
iii. Measure the required P.K.O into the boiler and heat
iv. Add your colourant
v. Allow the colourant to mix properly
vi. Add your caustic soda
vii. Allow the mixture to heat properly
viii. Add your soda ash + Kaoline + sodium sulphate
ix. Add your sulphonic acid and intensify the heat
x. Add Ammonia solution and hydrogen peroxide
xi. Add perfume
xii. Heat intensively until every moisture is given up through vapour
xiii. Put off the heating system and take the product to the store room and spread for over 24 hours
xiv. Take the product to the grinding machine
xv. Package for sale.
1. APPARATUS
(a) Reaction tank
(b) Hydrometer
(c) Grinding machine
(d) Mixer
(e) Dying machine
(f) Containers
(g) Store room
(h) Scale
2. CHEMICALS
i. P.K oil
ii. Caustic soda – Base chemical
iii. Soda ash – increases the quantity of our detergent
iv. Sodium sulphate – increases the quantity and acts as the foaming agent
v. Kaoline – Acts as the foaming agent
vi. sulfonoic acid – It is a foaming agent
vii. Perfume
viii. Ammonia solution – turns solution to powdery form
ix. Hydrogen peroxide – Bleaching agent
x. Colourant
3. REACTION PROCESS
(a) Caustic soda
One cup caustic soda plus three cups of water i.e. 1 cup of caustic soda + 3 cups of water for at least 48 hours. The hydrometer should be at 1200
4. FORMATION
i. P.K oil - - - - - 12
ii. Caustic soda - - - - 7
iii. Soda ash + Kaoline + sodium sulphate - 4
iv. Sulphonic acid - - - - 2/3
v. Ammonia Solution - - - - 1/3
vi. Hydrogen peroxide - - - 1/8
vii. Perfume - - - - - to taste
viii. Colourant - - - - - to taste
5. FORMULA
Oil + colourant + Caustic soda + ( Soda ash + Sodium sulphate + Kaoline) + Sulphonic acid + Ammonia solution + Hydrogen peroxide + perfume
6. METHOD
Steps
i. Put on your heating system
ii. Put your biler on the heating system
iii. Measure the required P.K.O into the boiler and heat
iv. Add your colourant
v. Allow the colourant to mix properly
vi. Add your caustic soda
vii. Allow the mixture to heat properly
viii. Add your soda ash + Kaoline + sodium sulphate
ix. Add your sulphonic acid and intensify the heat
x. Add Ammonia solution and hydrogen peroxide
xi. Add perfume
xii. Heat intensively until every moisture is given up through vapour
xiii. Put off the heating system and take the product to the store room and spread for over 24 hours
xiv. Take the product to the grinding machine
xv. Package for sale.
Preparation Of toilet soap
TOILET SOAP
1. APARATUS
i. Boiler
ii. Mixer
iii. Cutting machine
iv. Hydrometer
v. Soap mould
vi. Solution tank
vii. Stamping/tableting machine
viii. Measuring container or gauge
ix. Wrapper
x. Carton
2. CHEMICALS
(a) Palm Kernel Oli (P.K.O) –
(b) Caustic soda – This is the base chemical in the production of soap
(c) Soda ash(sodium bi-carbonate) – Increases the quantity of the soap
(d) Sodium sulphate – Increases the quantity of the soap and acts as the foaming agent.
(e) Kaoline – It is a forming agent.
(f) Silicate – It is a shining and binding agent.
(g) Colourant – This determines the colour of the soap.
(h) Perfume – This add fragrance to your soap.
3. REACTION PROCESS
(a) Caustic Soap + Kaoline
One cup of Caustic Soda plus one-sixth cup of Kaoline plus three cups of water are dissolved for at least 48 hour.
1Caustic soda + Kaoline + 3 cups of water.
The hydrometer reading should be 1150.
(b) Soda Bi-carbonate
One cup of Soduim Bi-carbonate plus one-eight cup sodium sulphate plus four cups of water (i.e. 1 sodium Bi-carbonate + 1/8 soduim sulphate plus four cups of water) are dissolved for at least 24 hours.
The hydrometer reading should be at 1150.
4. FORMATION
(a) P.K Oil - - 12
(b) caustic soda + Kaoline - - 6
© Soda ash + Sodium Sulphate - - 3
(d) Silicate - - ½
(e) Colourant - - to taste
(f) Perfume - - to taste
5. FORMULA
P.K Oil + Colourant + (Caustic Soda + Kaoline) + (soda ash + sodium sulphate) + Silicate + Perfume.
5.METHODS
Steps:
1. Put on your heating system.
2. Put your boiler on the heating system
5. Measure oil (2. vol.) into the boiler and allow it to heat up.
6. Add your colourant and allow it to mix properly with the oil.
5. Put off the heating system and put down the boiler.
6. Add the remaining oil (10 vol.) to the mixture in the boiler.
7. Add the dissolved caustic soda + Kaoline and stir gradually.
15. Add the dissolved soda ash + sodium sulphate
16. Add your silicate
17. Add your perfume
18. After the addition of perfume, stir vigorously until pap-like mixture is formed
19. Transfer the mixture into the soap moulds
20. After about three to four hours, stamp your soap.
21. After about ten hours, the soap must have solidified well so take it out and package for sale.
1. APARATUS
i. Boiler
ii. Mixer
iii. Cutting machine
iv. Hydrometer
v. Soap mould
vi. Solution tank
vii. Stamping/tableting machine
viii. Measuring container or gauge
ix. Wrapper
x. Carton
2. CHEMICALS
(a) Palm Kernel Oli (P.K.O) –
(b) Caustic soda – This is the base chemical in the production of soap
(c) Soda ash(sodium bi-carbonate) – Increases the quantity of the soap
(d) Sodium sulphate – Increases the quantity of the soap and acts as the foaming agent.
(e) Kaoline – It is a forming agent.
(f) Silicate – It is a shining and binding agent.
(g) Colourant – This determines the colour of the soap.
(h) Perfume – This add fragrance to your soap.
3. REACTION PROCESS
(a) Caustic Soap + Kaoline
One cup of Caustic Soda plus one-sixth cup of Kaoline plus three cups of water are dissolved for at least 48 hour.
1Caustic soda + Kaoline + 3 cups of water.
The hydrometer reading should be 1150.
(b) Soda Bi-carbonate
One cup of Soduim Bi-carbonate plus one-eight cup sodium sulphate plus four cups of water (i.e. 1 sodium Bi-carbonate + 1/8 soduim sulphate plus four cups of water) are dissolved for at least 24 hours.
The hydrometer reading should be at 1150.
4. FORMATION
(a) P.K Oil - - 12
(b) caustic soda + Kaoline - - 6
© Soda ash + Sodium Sulphate - - 3
(d) Silicate - - ½
(e) Colourant - - to taste
(f) Perfume - - to taste
5. FORMULA
P.K Oil + Colourant + (Caustic Soda + Kaoline) + (soda ash + sodium sulphate) + Silicate + Perfume.
5.METHODS
Steps:
1. Put on your heating system.
2. Put your boiler on the heating system
5. Measure oil (2. vol.) into the boiler and allow it to heat up.
6. Add your colourant and allow it to mix properly with the oil.
5. Put off the heating system and put down the boiler.
6. Add the remaining oil (10 vol.) to the mixture in the boiler.
7. Add the dissolved caustic soda + Kaoline and stir gradually.
15. Add the dissolved soda ash + sodium sulphate
16. Add your silicate
17. Add your perfume
18. After the addition of perfume, stir vigorously until pap-like mixture is formed
19. Transfer the mixture into the soap moulds
20. After about three to four hours, stamp your soap.
21. After about ten hours, the soap must have solidified well so take it out and package for sale.
Preparation Of Laundry Soap
LAUNDRY SOAP
1. APPARATUS
(a) Mixer
(b) Cutting machine
(c) Hydrometer
(d) Soap mould
(e) Solution tank
(f) Stamping machine
(g) Boiler
2. CHEMICALS
(a) Oil – The oil commonly used for soap production are:
i. Palm Kernel oil
ii. Fatty oil
iii,. Tallow oil
(b) Caustic soda – This is the base chemical in the production of soap
(c) Soda ash– Increases the quantity of the soap
(d) Sodium sulphate – Increases the quantity of the soap and acts as the foaming agent.
(e) Kaoline – It is a forming agent.
(f) Silicate – It is a shining and binding agent.
(g) Colourant – This determines the colour of the soap.
(h) Perfume – This add fragrance to your soap.
3. REACTION PROCESS
(a) Caustic Soap + Kaoline
One cup of Caustic Soda plus one-sixth cup of Kaoline plus three cups of water are dissolved for at least 48 hour.
1Caustic soda + Kaoline + 3 cups of water.
The hydrometer reading should be 1200.
(b) Soda ash + sodium sulphate
One cup of Soduim Bi-carbonate plus one-eight cup sodium sulphate plus four cups of water (i.e. 1 sodium Bi-carbonate + 1/8 soduim sulphate plus four cups of water) are dissolved for at least 24 hours.
The hydrometer reading should be at 1200.
4. FORMATION
(a) P.K Oil - - 12
(b) caustic soda + Kaoline - - 6
© Soda ash + Sodium Sulphate - - 3
(d) Silicate - - ½
(e) Colourant - - to taste
(f) Perfume - - to taste
5. FORMULA
P.K Oil + Colourant + (Caustic Soda + Kaoline) + (soda ash + sodium sulphate) + Silicate + Perfume.
5.METHODS
Steps:
1. Put on your heating system.
2. Put your boiler on the heating system
3. Measure oil (2. vol.) into the boiler and allow it to heat up.
4. Add your colourant and allow it to mix properly with the oil.
5. Put off the heating system and put down the boiler.
6. Add the remaining oil (10 vol.) to the mixture in the boiler.
7. Add the dissolved caustic soda + Kaoline and stir gradually.
8. Add the dissolved soda ash + sodium sulphate
9. Add your silicate
10. Add your perfume
11. After the addition of perfume, stir vigorously until pap-like mixture is formed
12. Transfer the mixture into the soap moulds
13. After about three to four hours, stamp your soap.
14. After about ten hours, the soap must have solidified well so take it out and package for sale.
1. APPARATUS
(a) Mixer
(b) Cutting machine
(c) Hydrometer
(d) Soap mould
(e) Solution tank
(f) Stamping machine
(g) Boiler
2. CHEMICALS
(a) Oil – The oil commonly used for soap production are:
i. Palm Kernel oil
ii. Fatty oil
iii,. Tallow oil
(b) Caustic soda – This is the base chemical in the production of soap
(c) Soda ash– Increases the quantity of the soap
(d) Sodium sulphate – Increases the quantity of the soap and acts as the foaming agent.
(e) Kaoline – It is a forming agent.
(f) Silicate – It is a shining and binding agent.
(g) Colourant – This determines the colour of the soap.
(h) Perfume – This add fragrance to your soap.
3. REACTION PROCESS
(a) Caustic Soap + Kaoline
One cup of Caustic Soda plus one-sixth cup of Kaoline plus three cups of water are dissolved for at least 48 hour.
1Caustic soda + Kaoline + 3 cups of water.
The hydrometer reading should be 1200.
(b) Soda ash + sodium sulphate
One cup of Soduim Bi-carbonate plus one-eight cup sodium sulphate plus four cups of water (i.e. 1 sodium Bi-carbonate + 1/8 soduim sulphate plus four cups of water) are dissolved for at least 24 hours.
The hydrometer reading should be at 1200.
4. FORMATION
(a) P.K Oil - - 12
(b) caustic soda + Kaoline - - 6
© Soda ash + Sodium Sulphate - - 3
(d) Silicate - - ½
(e) Colourant - - to taste
(f) Perfume - - to taste
5. FORMULA
P.K Oil + Colourant + (Caustic Soda + Kaoline) + (soda ash + sodium sulphate) + Silicate + Perfume.
5.METHODS
Steps:
1. Put on your heating system.
2. Put your boiler on the heating system
3. Measure oil (2. vol.) into the boiler and allow it to heat up.
4. Add your colourant and allow it to mix properly with the oil.
5. Put off the heating system and put down the boiler.
6. Add the remaining oil (10 vol.) to the mixture in the boiler.
7. Add the dissolved caustic soda + Kaoline and stir gradually.
8. Add the dissolved soda ash + sodium sulphate
9. Add your silicate
10. Add your perfume
11. After the addition of perfume, stir vigorously until pap-like mixture is formed
12. Transfer the mixture into the soap moulds
13. After about three to four hours, stamp your soap.
14. After about ten hours, the soap must have solidified well so take it out and package for sale.
Preparation Of candle
CANDLE PREPARATION
For the production of candle we need the following:
1. Apparatus
2. Chemicals
3. Formation
4. Method
1. APPARATUS
(a) Heating system: This is used for generating heat for boiling or warming our chemicals, e.g. Gas cooker, Stove, etc.
(b) Boiler: This instrument is used for melting some of the solid chemicals before they can be effectively used for production. In candle making, the same boiler serves as the mixer for combining the component chemicals together. Boilers are made of tin, aluminum metal or Iron.
(c) Candle Moulds: These are cylinder tubes made of tin or metal plates that are 2mm by 18mm in size and length. It has an open and the terminal end is conical in shape which forms the tip of the candle. It is the mould that sharpens the candle stick.
(d) Cooling Tank: The function of the cooling tank is to cool down the candle solution that is poured inside the moulds so as to solidify within shortest possible time. In the electric machine, it is facilitated with air conditioner and pumping gadget. While in the manual machine, a column called cooling tank or chilly is provided for cold water.
(e) Containers: As available in the market
(f) Cartons: As available in the market.
(g) Wick: This is the same as twine or thread.
2. CHEMICALS:
(a) Paraffin Wax: This forms the base candle. Paraffin Wax is of grades one, two and three respectively. Grade one is the whitest and the most costly followed by Grade two then Grade three.
(b) Paraffin Oil: This determines the strength of combination. When it is over added, the combination becomes over bright while the rate becomes very fast and when it is under added, the combination becomes dull and the rate slow.
(c) Stearic Acid: This chemical is the antidote to the burning rate. It helps to check the burning rate.
(d) Colourant: This gives the colour of our choice to the candle. This may be red, yellow, green, blue etc.
3. FORMATION:
(a) Paraffin Wax - - 9.5
(b) Stearic Acid - - 0.5
(c) Paraffin Oil - - 0.5
(d) Colourant - - to taste
5. Method/Formula
(a) Formula
Paraffin wax + Paraffin oil + colourant + Stearic acid
(b) Method
i. Put on your heating system.
ii. Put your boiler on your heating system.
iii. Cut your Wax into small pieces and put inside the boiler to melt.
iv. Put down the boiler after the wax has melted.
v. Put another boiler on the heating system
vi. Measure the required melted paraffin wax and add into the boiler.
vii. Add your paraffin oil
viii. Add your colourant
ix. Add your strearic acid.
x. Insert your thread inside the candle mould properly so that it is in the center of the mould.
xi. Fill the candle mould with the mixture and insert inside the cooling tank.
xii. After the mixture in the mould has solidified, take out your candle.
xiii. Package your candle
For the production of candle we need the following:
1. Apparatus
2. Chemicals
3. Formation
4. Method
1. APPARATUS
(a) Heating system: This is used for generating heat for boiling or warming our chemicals, e.g. Gas cooker, Stove, etc.
(b) Boiler: This instrument is used for melting some of the solid chemicals before they can be effectively used for production. In candle making, the same boiler serves as the mixer for combining the component chemicals together. Boilers are made of tin, aluminum metal or Iron.
(c) Candle Moulds: These are cylinder tubes made of tin or metal plates that are 2mm by 18mm in size and length. It has an open and the terminal end is conical in shape which forms the tip of the candle. It is the mould that sharpens the candle stick.
(d) Cooling Tank: The function of the cooling tank is to cool down the candle solution that is poured inside the moulds so as to solidify within shortest possible time. In the electric machine, it is facilitated with air conditioner and pumping gadget. While in the manual machine, a column called cooling tank or chilly is provided for cold water.
(e) Containers: As available in the market
(f) Cartons: As available in the market.
(g) Wick: This is the same as twine or thread.
2. CHEMICALS:
(a) Paraffin Wax: This forms the base candle. Paraffin Wax is of grades one, two and three respectively. Grade one is the whitest and the most costly followed by Grade two then Grade three.
(b) Paraffin Oil: This determines the strength of combination. When it is over added, the combination becomes over bright while the rate becomes very fast and when it is under added, the combination becomes dull and the rate slow.
(c) Stearic Acid: This chemical is the antidote to the burning rate. It helps to check the burning rate.
(d) Colourant: This gives the colour of our choice to the candle. This may be red, yellow, green, blue etc.
3. FORMATION:
(a) Paraffin Wax - - 9.5
(b) Stearic Acid - - 0.5
(c) Paraffin Oil - - 0.5
(d) Colourant - - to taste
5. Method/Formula
(a) Formula
Paraffin wax + Paraffin oil + colourant + Stearic acid
(b) Method
i. Put on your heating system.
ii. Put your boiler on your heating system.
iii. Cut your Wax into small pieces and put inside the boiler to melt.
iv. Put down the boiler after the wax has melted.
v. Put another boiler on the heating system
vi. Measure the required melted paraffin wax and add into the boiler.
vii. Add your paraffin oil
viii. Add your colourant
ix. Add your strearic acid.
x. Insert your thread inside the candle mould properly so that it is in the center of the mould.
xi. Fill the candle mould with the mixture and insert inside the cooling tank.
xii. After the mixture in the mould has solidified, take out your candle.
xiii. Package your candle
Thursday, May 28, 2009
How to advertise your Gateway for free
Subject: How to advertise your Gateway for free
From: Mr. Cletus
Kano Nigeria
If money is real tight, there is a "totally" FREE way of advertising your Gateways and drawing affiliates to your downline!
First, create your own blog for free at Blogger.com, Blog.com, or at one of the numerous other free blog hosts on the Internet. Build it with your SFI business as your blog's theme.
Next, sign up as a free member at a manual traffic exchange (such as TrafficSwarm.com, ExchangePilot, or SurfNexus.com). Promote your blog and/or Gateways through your traffic exchange to drive traffic to your SFI Gateways and blog.
Posted by Cletus at 9:15 PM 0 comments Links to this post
Labels: Advertise your Gateway for free
From: Mr. Cletus
Kano Nigeria
If money is real tight, there is a "totally" FREE way of advertising your Gateways and drawing affiliates to your downline!
First, create your own blog for free at Blogger.com, Blog.com, or at one of the numerous other free blog hosts on the Internet. Build it with your SFI business as your blog's theme.
Next, sign up as a free member at a manual traffic exchange (such as TrafficSwarm.com, ExchangePilot, or SurfNexus.com). Promote your blog and/or Gateways through your traffic exchange to drive traffic to your SFI Gateways and blog.
Posted by Cletus at 9:15 PM 0 comments Links to this post
Labels: Advertise your Gateway for free
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You can can contact our crew with the link below
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this will expose you to a lot of opportunity online
also register with www.trippleclick.com
You can can contact our crew with the link below
okey4rever@yahoo.com
cletusnwogu@gmail.com
If you want to become an affiliate you can sign up with this link
www.sfimg.com
this will expose you to a lot of opportunity online
also register with www.trippleclick.com